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Characterization of Ga2O3 Aim Ga 2 O 3 is an ultra-wide band gap semiconductor with a great application potential. The contactless characterization of defect related transitions with high sensitivity is still challenging. Solution Contactless surface photovoltage (SPV) spectroscopy in the dc (Kelvin probe, direct measurement of the contact potential difference, DCPD) and ac (modulated regime) modes provides information about transitions energies and direction of charge separation in a wide spectral range from near infrared (< 0.5 eV) up to the deep ultraviolet (> 6 eV) at high sensitivity. Furthermore, the same perforated electrode can be applied for measurements in dc and ac modes with a charge amplifier (figure 1). Application example Figure 2 shows an example for the measurement of a (negative) DCPD spectrum and the spectrum of the modulated SPV amplitude (in a logarithmic scale) on the same place of a b-Ga 2 O 3 crystal. Transitions at the band gap of b-Ga 2 O 3 at 4.8 eV and defect transitions at 1.6, 2.3, 3.2, 4.0, 4.4 and 4.6 eV are well distinguished whereas the sensitivities for measurements in the dc and ac modes can be rather different for different transitions. References [1] Th. Dittrich, S. Fengler, N. Nickel, “Surface photovoltage spectroscopy over wide time domains for semiconductors with ultrawide bandgap: example of gallium oxide”, Phys. Stat. Sol. A 11 (2021) 2100176. Fig. 1: Scheme for the measurement in dc and ac modes with the same electrode and a charge amplifier [1]. Fig. 2: Spectra of DCPD (blue) and spectrum of the modulated SPV amplitude (red) of a b-Ga2O3 crystal. Onsets at major defect transitions and at the band gap. Related Solutions and Industries: Epitaxial Layers & Thin Films Matching Products SPS/SPV series HR-SPSmap with fixed energy excitation sources High-Resolution and Sensitive Surface Photovoltage Measurement Solutions Learn more SPS/SPV series HR-SPSmap with variable energy excitation source with a variable energy excitation source Learn more Get in touch Do not hesitate to contact us – we are available to assist you with any inquiries or requests. Use our inquiry tool or reach out via email: sales @ freiberginstruments.com

Ceramics, pottery, bricks and statues Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) as well as Thermoluminescence (TL) can be applied to heated objects made from clay. While the typology of ceramics is a backbone of many archaeological chronologies, establishing the age directly for certain types of ceramics is sometimes required. Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) as well as Thermoluminescence (TL) can be applied to heated objects made from clay. Ceramic/pottery dating to establish chronologies or the age of a site Brick dating to provide detailed insight into building histories Statues made of pottery or their clay core for the manufacturing date Authenticity dating of ceramic objects, pottery or statues to determine if objects are fake Reproducibility of multiple aliquot procedures is enhanced by lexsyg heater plate performance Barnett SM (2000) Luminescence dating of pottery from later prehistoric Britain. Archaeometry 42: 431-457 Lamothe M (2004) Optical dating of pottery, burnt stones, and sediments from selected Quebec archaeological sites. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 41: 659-667 Bouquillon A, Zink A & Porto E (2010) The Louvre Tanagras in the light of scientific analysis. Authenticity, Materials, Provenances. In: Jeammet V (Ed. Tanagras -Figurines for life and eternity - The musee du louvre's collection of greek figurines. 286-309, Fundacion Bancaja Valencia TL dating of non-diagnostic ceramics compared to fabric/typological context estimates (from Barnett 2000) Matching Products TL/OSL series lexsygsmart The most sensitive TL/OSL reader Learn more TL/OSL series lexsygresearch The most advanced TL/OSL reader Learn more Get in touch Do not hesitate to contact us – we are available to assist you with any inquiries or requests. Use our inquiry tool or reach out via email: sales @ freiberginstruments.com

Career Opportunities Open Positions *We value diversity and equal opportunity. At Freiberg Instruments, we support all individuals in developing their potential, realizing their ideas, and seizing new opportunities. Our job postings are open to everyone—regardless of age, skin color, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or origin. No job listing that fits? Let's talk anyway. We are always looking for talented and passionate individuals who want to shape the future of metrology with us. Even if there is no current job opening that matches your profile, we’d love to hear from you! Send us your initiative application at jobs @ freiberginstruments.com and tell us how you can contribute to our innovative team. Questions? We are here for you. Nancy Gallasch Human Resources Manager +49 3731 419 54 93 Contact now Discover more Company Learn more Solutions Learn more Services Learn more

Your Career It is more than just a job Join Us and Shape the Future of Metrology Innovation thrives on people – curious minds, ambitious thinkers, and those eager to push boundaries. At Freiberg Instruments, we design and manufacture state-of-the-art metrology technologies used worldwide in industries such as microelectronics, semiconductors, radiation monitoring, medical technology, and photovoltaics. With a team of around 100 dedicated professionals, we foster a culture of collaboration, creativity, and technical excellence. We believe that great results come from an inspiring work environment – and that’s where you come in. Be part of our journey and grow with us. Explore Career Opportunities Your benefits – working where innovation drives people Flexible Work & Mobility Adapt your schedule with flexible working hours and benefit from remote work options or mobility perks like job bikes and subsidies. Career Growth & Development Expand your expertise with tailored training programs and continuous learning opportunities. Equipment & Workspace Work efficiently with a company laptop and phone, in modern, air-conditioned offices designed for productivity. Health & Well-Being Stay fit and energized with health-promoting initiatives, free drinks, and fresh fruit. Team Spirit & Culture Join a dynamic team that values collaboration, with company events, a chill-out area, and even a volleyball court. Fair Time Off & Balance Recharge with a fair vacation policy and an environment that respects your personal time. Your Thesis at Freiberg Instruments Looking for an exciting challenge for your Bachelor’s or Master’s thesis? At Freiberg Instruments, you’ll work on cutting-edge projects in natural sciences and engineering, gaining hands-on experience in an innovative environment. Take the opportunity to drive innovation, solve real-world challenges, and shape the future of metrology. Start your journey with us. Learn more Frequently asked questions What makes Freiberg Instruments a great place to work? At Freiberg Instruments, we combine innovation with a dynamic team spirit. We offer a collaborative work environment where creativity and expertise drive technological advancements. Our employees play a key role in shaping the future of metrology, and we empower them with the resources they need to succeed. Can I work remotely or have flexible working hours? Yes! We support flexible working models, allowing you to tailor your schedule to your needs. Depending on your role, remote work options are also available. Does Freiberg Instruments offer career development opportunities? Absolutely! We invest in your professional growth with tailored training programs, workshops, and continuous learning opportunities to help you advance your career. What benefits do employees receive? We provide a range of benefits to support your well-being and work-life balance, including: Flexible working hours & remote work options Professional development & training programs Mobility perks such as job bike programs and transportation subsidies Modern, air-conditioned offices with state-of-the-art facilities Health initiatives, fresh fruit, and free drinks Team-building events and a strong company culture How does Freiberg Instruments promote team spirit? We believe that strong teams achieve the best results. That’s why we regularly host company events, from summer team days to holiday celebrations. Our office also features a chill-out area and even a volleyball court for those who enjoy an active break. How can I apply for a job at Freiberg Instruments? It's simple! Visit our Job Openings page, find the position that suits you, and submit your application online. We look forward to hearing from you! Explore Career Opportunities Are you ready to apply your skills and passion for measurement technologies? Discover our current job openings and become part of our team. Explore Career Opportunities Our people Collaboration, mutual respect, and a shared commitment to excellence drive us forward. Our experts bring passion and expertise to every project, continually pushing the boundaries of metrology solutions. Get to know our team and discover how we innovate together. Learn more About Freiberg Instruments Driven by quality and precision, we have been redefining metrology standards since our founding. With over 3,000 systems installed worldwide and ISO 9001:2015 certification, we are committed to reliability, efficiency, and exceptional measurement accuracy. Want to learn more about our mission? Learn more Find the job that suits you Explore Career Opportunities Discover more Company Learn more Solutions Learn more Services Learn more

Burkhard Winkler Idea generator and Senior Sales Engineer for semiconductors and automation I came up with the idea for Ingot XRD Wire Saw, which immediately convinced our customers. Burkhard Winkler Senior Sales Engineer – SEMI / Automation Burkhard has been developing concepts for new machines and systems at Freiberg Instruments for 5 years, based on customer problems. This also includes costing and preparing quotations. He is responsible for the technical support of major projects, customer communication, and creates product specifications and catalogs. If necessary, he also takes on service activities and quality control. Burkhard is versatile and we are happy to have him in #TeamFI. Burkhard, tell us about your first touchpoint with FI. I was a supplier to Freiberg Instruments for mechanics, design and components. I quickly realized that FI was the perfect place for me to drive challenging projects forward and work with international customers on an equal footing. What skills should a new colleague in your department have? Clearly: good customer communication, openness and curiosity for innovation are essential. You shouldn't ignore problems, but actively tackle them. In addition, specialist training or experience in this area is of course helpful. What do you associate with our guiding principle, “Driven by Innovation”? Innovation is at the heart of our work. I love developing creative solutions and breaking new ground to meet our customers' needs. What else do you want to achieve with FI in the future? From a customer perspective, reliability is crucial. I want to improve our high standards even further, take on even more responsibility and never shy away from a challenge. What are you particularly proud of? I came up with the idea for the Ingot XRD Wire Saw, which immediately convinced our customers. This machine takes the accuracy of wafer sawing to a new level that is unique in the world and is now being produced in small series. It is already being used in production at a leading silicon manufacturer - a special moment in my career. How do you balance your job? I make music, love nature, water and winter sports. I also enjoy spending time with my family. Burkhard is Driven by Innovation Let's drive innovation together Current job openings Get to know the team Dr. Viktoriia Nikonova Productmanager Surface Photovoltage Spectroscopy Learn more Dr. Christian Hagendorf Projekt- & Key Account Manager XRD Series Learn more Martin Ferkinghoff Head of Service Learn more Marcus Richter Application & Service Engineer XRD Learn more Diana Trinks Assistant to the management Learn more Marcus Göhler Head of Electronics Development Learn more Thanga Kumar Global Sales Director Learn more Dr. Nadine Schüler Head of Research and Development Learn more

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry lexsygresearch Configuration options Bleaching/Solar simulation unit Bleaching/Solar simulation unit for monochromatic sample irradiation or individually mixed for simulation of various bleaching conditions Interested? Get in touch! Contact now Features power LED-array based light irradiator, fan-cooled fully software controlled (power, irradiation time, mixing ratios - if applicable) within a measurement sequence the settings can be varied special optics for uniform irradiation power at the sample bleaching is possible at elevated temperatures LED-based bleaching/Solar simulation unit wavelengths: 365 nm, 462 nm, 523 nm, 590 nm, 625nm, 850 nm can be used for monochromatic sample irradiation or individually mixed for simulation of variousbleaching conditions typical maximum optical power at the sample: UV 365 nm : 65 mW RGB A 462 nm : 140 mW, 523 nm : 35 mW, 590 nm : 50 mW, 625 nm : 85 mW; IR 850 nm: 170 mW power regulation loop for each light channel display of bleaching light spectrum

Automation Efficient Systems for Continuous Use Streamlining Your Workflow with Smart Automation We develop automation solutions that enhance efficiency, reliability, and scalability in industrial and research environments. Our systems integrate seamlessly into production lines, ensuring high-throughput performance with minimal downtime. Contact Us Our Automation Services We design and implement tailored automation solutions that optimize your processes. Our services include: Automated Measurement Systems High-speed, precision-driven systems that deliver consistent results with minimal manual intervention. Robotic Sample Handling Intelligent handling solutions for seamless integration into existing workflows, reducing errors and increasing efficiency. Software-Controlled Workflows Custom software solutions for data acquisition, processing, and real-time analysis, ensuring maximum productivity. Integration with Existing Systems Smooth incorporation into production environments, enabling a fully automated and optimized workflow. Our Process: From Concept to Implementation Analyzing Your Needs: We assess your workflow and automation potential to identify key optimization areas. Designing the System: Our engineers develop automation solutions that seamlessly integrate into your existing setup. Implementation & Testing: We install and rigorously test the system to ensure reliable, high-performance operation. Optimization & Support: Continuous monitoring, fine-tuning, and support to maintain peak efficiency over time. Why Choose Freiberg Instruments for Automation? Proven Expertise Decades of experience in high-precision automation for industrial and research applications. Seamless Integration Designed to work effortlessly with your current infrastructure. Higher Efficiency & Throughput Increased productivity with reduced manual effort and enhanced data accuracy. Ongoing Support From installation to long-term optimization, we ensure your automation solution remains reliable. Frequently asked questions What types of automation solutions does Freiberg Instruments offer? We provide automated measurement systems, robotic sample handling, software-controlled workflows, and seamless system integration. Can Freiberg Instruments integrate automation into my existing setup? Yes, our solutions are designed for seamless integration, ensuring a smooth transition to automated processes. What industries benefit most from automation? Our solutions are ideal for semiconductor, material science, and manufacturing industries that require high precision and efficiency. How long does it take to implement an automation solution? The timeline depends on project complexity, but we follow a structured process to ensure efficient implementation. What kind of support is available after implementation? We provide ongoing support, including system monitoring, troubleshooting, and performance optimization. Efficiency starts with automation. Our solutions empower customers with precision, speed, and reliability, optimizing output while minimizing effort. Ing. Thanga Kumar Sales Director Streamline Your Workflow with Automation Contact us today to explore how our solutions can improve efficiency and scalability in your operations. Use our inquiry tool or reach out via email: sales @ freiberginstruments.com Discover more Customization Learn more Research and Development Learn more Training and Application Expertise Learn more Technical Support Learn more

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry lexsygresearch Configuration options Automatic detector changer Automatic detector changer to hold and change up to four different detectors Interested? Get in touch! Contact now The detector changer is fully automatic and software controlled. It can hold and change up to four different detectors like standard PMT, Red PMT, EMCCD, Spectrometry detection units, etc., between TL/OSL and RF (Beta irradiation) positions.

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products X-ray Diffraction Omega/Theta XRD Automatic X-Y mapping stage Automatic X-Y mapping stage for wafers and ingots Interested? Get in touch! Contact now The mapping stage allows to explore the whole sample surface using a controlled grid pattern. An Omega/Theta XRD can easily accommodate the additional xy-positioning stage on top of the turntable. The sample surface can be scanned according to a user-defined grid. The minimum grid spacing is about 1 mm, due to the size of the X-ray spot on the sample. The mapping stage can be combined with Omega Scan to get a crystal orientation mapping or with the rocking curve measurement to get a mapping of distortions on the surface. Software packages for display and analysis are available. YouTube Here you can find external content of the provider Google LLC. To be able to display these, we need your consent. privacy policy Show provider content Automatic X-Y mapping stage