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p/n detection in bricks

p/n detection in bricks Changes in the conduction type of a multicrystalline brick are frequently observed, due to a high phosphorus concentration in the low quality feedstock. (Alttext kürzen, da zu lang)) In the PV industry sometimes also low quality material with a high phosphorous concentration is used. Phosphor has a segregation coefficient of 0.35 and is therefore segregating in the top of the brick (last part that solidifies).There the concentration can be so high, that even changes in the conduction type from p to n can occur. Of course the n-type material cannot be used anymore for the solar cell production. Before the conduction type changes completely to n-conductivity, there is a narrow part of the ingot that is highly compensated and has a very high resistivity. Since resistivity measurements by eddy current are difficult to achieve in high resolution, it is preferable to use the photoconductivity for the detection of such a pn change. The photoconductivity or signal height depends on the resistivity because the skin depth of the microwave increases with increasing resistivity, so that at high resistivities a larger volume of the sample is measured. This dependency can be used for the pn detection. With a clever computer algorithm, it is possible to detect the sharp rise in photoconductivity, so that a pn-change can be detected with a resolution of 1 mm (fig.1 and fig.2). This algorithm can be implanted into the software of the MDPingot and MDPingot inline tool. The MDPingot and MDPingot inline allows to detect pn-changes inline with a resolution of 1mm as demonstrated in figure 1 and 2. With this feature useless n-material can be sorted out as early as possible in the production process. For more information please read: [1] N. Schüler, D. Mittelstrass, K. Dornich, J.R. Niklas, 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference Honululu, (2010) 852-857 Fig. 1: photoconductivity map of a mc-Si brick with the indicated detection brick height of the pn algorithm and height at which the mean resistivity linescan rises above 3 cm Fig. 2: mean photoconductivity linescan along with the output of the pn detection algorithm and the mean resistivity linescan Related Solutions and Industries: Epitaxial Layers & Thin Films Matching Products MDP series MDPpro 850+ Advanced Solution for Quality Control of Monocrystalline Silicon Ingots, Bricks, and Wafers Learn more MDP series MDPpro Advanced Lifetime Measurement System for Quality Control and Material R&D on Semiconductors Learn more Get in touch Do not hesitate to contact us – we are available to assist you with any inquiries or requests. Use our inquiry tool or reach out via email: sales @ freiberginstruments.com

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myOSLraser 4.0

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry myOSLraser myOSLraser 4.0 myOSL raser 4.0 Most modern OSL system which is growing with your needs Exclusively through RadPro International Contact for demo Skip menu Quick navigation Features Options Software Contact Features & Benefits The myOSLraser 4.0 is the basic unit of our 4 element dosimetry system which we offer. It is an automatic reader with a loading capacity of one dosimeter.It processes 4 element dosimeter or single elements which are used for extremity or eye lens dosimetry. The myOSLraser is a compact, easy to use and high quality system. It combines the reading and erasing process in one system to keep a high workflow. The myOSLraser 4.0 can be upgraded with an automatic unit with a loading capacity of up to 50 dosimeter (see myOSLautomatic 50) or up to two myOSLraser 4.0 can be installed in the myOSL 4000 which has a loading capacity of 3500 dosimeters (with sorting option) or 4000 dosimeters (without sorting option). myOSLraser 4.0 – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo Accessories & Options 4 Element Dosimeter Interested? Get in touch! Learn more OSL single detector Interested? Get in touch! Learn more OSL Extremity and Eye lens dosimeter Interested? Get in touch! Learn more Software OSLdosimetry OSLdosimetry is a user friendly operating software which allows OSL dose measurements as standard user or calibration and setting features for professionals (password protected). The… Learn more myOSLraser 4.0 – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo

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myOSLraser 2.0

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry myOSLraser myOSLraser 2.0 myOSL raser 2.0 Most advanced OSL system for personal dosimetry Exclusively through RadPro International Contact for demo Product Sheet Skip menu Quick navigation Features Specifications Options Software Contact Features & Benefits The OSL reader myOSLraser 2.0 (reader + eraser) is an automatic device for evaluation of OSL dosimeters called "myOSL" dosimeters with a loading capacity of one dosimeter manual device for evaluation of its single OSL dosimeter called "myOSL" dosimeters. Equipped with a feeder it automatically processes up to 200 myOSL dosimeter per loading. The myOSLraser also includes an erasing unit (4 LEDs) which also provides the capability of erasing the residual signal from the OSL detectors in the same device. This function can be activated or deactivated if a second readout is requested according to an adjusted dose threshold. Up to 200 myOSL dosimeter per loading includes an erasing unit (4 LEDs) automatic drawer for single OSL dosimeters fast OSL read outs (few seconds) fast OSL read outs (few seconds) manual or automatic process of up to 200 OSL dosimeter manual system upgradeable to automatic system at any time remote control (IP device) easy operation erasing function selectable according to the last dose measurement self check diagnostic no consumables like gas myOSLraser 2.0 – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo Technical specifications OSL reading YES Erasing function YES LED stimulation blue, 480nm Reading time per dosimeter <10s Processing speed per hour ca. 100/h including erasing ca. 200/h without erasing Test light stability better 1%/a Power supply voltage 100-240V, 50/60Hz Dimension 300 x 230 x 200 mm Weight 13 kg Download Product Sheet PDF (304 KB) Accessories & Options myOSL dosimeter holder Interested? Get in touch! Learn more myOSL blister holder Interested? Get in touch! Learn more Software OSLdosimetry OSLdosimetry is a user friendly operating software which allows OSL dose measurements as standard user or calibration and setting features for professionals (password protected). The… Learn more myOSLraser 2.0 – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo

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myOSLraser

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry myOSLraser myOSL raser Most advanced OSL system for dosimetry Exclusively through RadPro International Contact for demo TL/OSL series myOSLraser 2.0 Learn more TL/OSL series myOSLraser 4.0 Learn more myOSLraser – Exclusively through RadPro International This products are distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo

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myOSLchip dosimeter

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry myOSLchip myOSLchip dosimeter myOSL chip dosimeter OSL Dosimeter for patient dosimetry, medical dosimetry or other applications Exclusively through RadPro International Contact for demo

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myOSLchip

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry myOSLchip myOSL chip A portable OSL reader designed to efficiently read and *erase compatible dosimeters Exclusively through RadPro International Contact for demo Product Sheet Skip menu Quick navigation Features Options Contact Features & Benefits myOSLchip: Portable OSL Reader for Versatile Dosimetry Applications The myOSLchip is a portable OSL reader designed to read and *erase compatible myOSLchip dosimeters. Featuring an intuitive touch display, the device enables fully autonomous measurements without the need for a PC connection. Equipped with an internal Data Matrix scanner, the myOSLchip easily identifies the unique serial numbers of each dosimeter. Ideal for a range of applications, the myOSLchip is used in medical dosimetry, including patient dosimetry, quality control of radiation therapy treatment plans, research, PCB dosimetry, and device testing (such as blood irradiators). *Note: The erase function is intended for small dose applications only. For high-dose signal erasure, we recommend using our separate Eraser device. Download Product Sheet PDF (368 KB) myOSLchip – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo Accessories & Options myOSLchip dosimeter Exclusively through RadPro International Learn more myOSLchip – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo

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myOSLautomatic 500

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry myOSLautomatic myOSLautomatic 500 myOSL automatic 500 Next automation unit Exclusively through RadPro International Contact for demo Skip menu Quick navigation Features Software Contact Features & Benefits Next automation unit for our myOSLraser is the myOSLautomatic to load up to 500 dosimeter per loading. It will be used with the same magazines like the myOSLautomatic 50 or myOSL 4000. myOSLautomatic 500 – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo Software OSLdosimetry OSLdosimetry is a user friendly operating software which allows OSL dose measurements as standard user or calibration and setting features for professionals (password protected). The… Learn more myOSLautomatic 500 – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo

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myOSLautomatic 50

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry myOSLautomatic myOSLautomatic 50 myOSL automatic 50 The myOSLraser 4.0 can easily be upgraded to an automatic system to process 50 dosimeters per loading Exclusively through RadPro International Contact for demo Skip menu Quick navigation Features Software Contact Features & Benefits The myOSLraser 4.0 can easily be upgraded to an automatic system to process 50 dosimeters per loading. It comes with 10 magazines which can be loaded with 50 myOSL dosimeter each. myOSLautomatic 50 – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo Software OSLdosimetry OSLdosimetry is a user friendly operating software which allows OSL dose measurements as standard user or calibration and setting features for professionals (password protected). The… Learn more myOSLautomatic 50 – Exclusively through RadPro International This product is distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo

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myOSLautomatic

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry myOSLautomatic myOSL automatic Automation units for myOSLraser 4.0 Exclusively through RadPro International Contact for demo TL/OSL series myOSL 4000 Learn more TL/OSL series myOSLautomatic 500 Learn more TL/OSL series myOSLautomatic 50 Learn more myOSLautomatic – Exclusively through RadPro International This products are distributed by our trusted partner. Contact for demo

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myOSL dosimeter holder

Skip breadcrumb navigation Breadcrumb Freiberg Instruments Products Luminescence Dating and Dosimetry myOSLraser myOSLraser 2.0 myOSL dosimeter holder myOSL dosimeter holder The smallest OSL whole body dosimeter on the market. Interested? Get in touch! Contact now The myOSL dosimeter is probably the smallest OSL whole body dosimeter on the market. It contains two Beryllium Oxide detectors which are used for Hp(10)/deep dose and Hp(0.07)/skin dose. Beryllium Oxide (BeO) is a perfect OSL materials with high dosimetry characteristic. BeO is tissue equivalent and therefore highly suitable for personal dosimetry. The holder can be equipped with a crocodile clip to attach the dosimeter to your coat pocket. A depression provides space for a label which can include: a name wearing period barcode company logo etc. Get in touch Do not hesitate to contact us – we are available to assist you with any inquiries or requests. Use our inquiry tool or reach out via email: sales @ freiberginstruments.com